Ancient Roman Government Notes Essay

The â€Å"common-people† assembly which helped give the citizens more political power Empire- A dominating nation with extensive territories and a powerful ruler Laws of the 12 Tables- Guidelines for citizen’s behavior; a list of Roman customs about property and punishment Mercenary- A soldier who is hired for service in a foreign country Patrician- Member of Rome’s richest and most important families who served on the Senate for life Plebeian- The common person or lower-class citizen Roman Senate- One of the two houses of the early Roman republic Republic- A country run by the elected representatives of its people Tribune- A leader within the Concillum Plebus In 500 B. C the Roman government was forming into a republic; in which the people have the freedom to vote for their leaders. There were two parts, or two houses, to the Roman Republic: the Citizen Assembly and the Senate. The elected officials headed the two councils and they served one-year terms. The republic was established in 509B.C and lasted 500 years. Differences between the Greek and Roman governments: In Greece all men were allowed to vote In Rome only men with money/property could vote The Senate was the most powerful part of the government; all senators were patricians. To obtain political rights, the common people (Plebeians) formed their own assembly, the Concillum Plebus and named their leaders tribunes. Establishing peace and order gave Rome stability: Rome’s first code of law was esta blished in 450B. C. On ten tablets, ten legal experts wrote down a list of Roman customs about property and punishment. However, due to plebeian pressure, two more tablets were added to satisfy them. The final code was called the Laws of the Twelve Tables. By the end of the third century Roman law covered issues dealing with foreigners and eventually covered magisterial law to strengthen and correct existing law. The Roman Empire took its first steps of dominance in 27B. C when the law’s development was taken over by the emperors, who added and revised freely. As the law got more complex, the government had to literally train jurists who could understand and interpret the laws. The stability of the law, the military, and financial standing of Rom kept it powerful. Rome successfully battled the Carthaginians, the Celtics(British), the Etruscans, and the Samnites. The Roman Empire was established around 27B. C. The empire spanned three continents. The empire was divided into states that were ruled by governors who collected taxes and sent money back to Rome.

Mission San Diego de Alcalá

The Mission San Diego de Alcalà ¡ is the first of the many missions for which California is famous and is known today as the birthplace of California Christianity.   The first church in California, the mission began with a group of Spanish missionaries in 1769. Founded by Blessed Father Junipero Serra the mission proposed to serve Native Americans of the area. The Native Americans, which the mission proposed to serve, were wary initially at the newcomers. The initial mission structure was built close to the water. Later, the mission would construct a more permanent structure inland, about 5 miles away. The new structured was demolished in an attack by native Americas and the mission was moved back inland some years later. Mission San Diego de Alcalà ¡ and church of today were completed by the early 1800’s. The Mission San Diego de Alcalà ¡ is the first of more than twenty such mission build by the Spanish to serve the Native Americans. The Native Americans have been called by different names throughout history. Originally known as Kumeyaay and Yuma, they were later called Mission Indians or Diegueno. The Kumeyaay were a nomadic group who had never seen cloth until the missionaries arrived. In 1976, Pope Paul VI designates the Mission San Diego de Alcalà ¡Ã‚  Ã‚   as a Minor Basilica. The mission today is an active Diocese of San Diego parish. The mission housed many of the Native Americans, who lived and worked at the mission and grew crops including; corn, barley and grapes. Cattle and sheep in addition to horses were also raised on the mission compound. In the late 1700’s, the mission began to construct a system of aqueducts to bring water to the area and assure successful farming. This was the first irrigation project in this region of California. When California became part of the Untied States, the mission was used for military purposes and then in 1863, President Lincoln gave all of the mission properties to the Roman Catholic Church. At that time The Mission San Diego de Alcalà ¡ was in ruins. Restoration of the mission began in the late 1800’s. In 1900, the land Marks Club of California provided funding, along with other organizations to restore the mission. They worked with local architects to begin stabilizing the mission buildings. Originally build with adobe, the mission buildings were reinforced with concrete during this time in an attempt to add stability and strength.   One of the most famous elements of the mission in the Bell Tower. Today’s Bell Tower has one of the original bells form the early mission. When the Bell Tower was originally constructed it had a central function to the operation of the mission, as clocks were not yet part of everyday life.   Bells were used to signal time for gather for meals, church work and other functions. These restoration efforts were followed by work from other civic groups and school who viewed the mission as historical landmarks and were committed to painstaking and accurate preservation.   The restoration was wrought with financial problems and was not completed until the 1940’s at which time the church became an active parish. Today the mission serves also as a place of historical display and entertains frequent visitors. The site provides the history of both the Native American in the region and the European influence. References The California Mission Site. Ed. The Civic Group. 24 Sept. 1998. Bevil, Alexander D. The Sacred and the profane: The Restoration of Mission San Diego de Alcala. The Journal of San Diego History, Summer 1992, Volume 38, Number 3. History of San Diego de Alcalà ¡ Mission http://www.acces

Dostoyevsky Notes from the Underground and Nietsche Essay

Nietzsche raised in his philosophy a number of basic concepts that contribute to deeper understanding of the spiritual essence of the person, and the changes taking place in society and in history. One of these concepts is resentment. For the first time this concept was introduced in the paper â€Å"The Genealogy of Morals. â€Å"Study of resentment as a specific manifestation of the ethical-philosophical thought can clarify the causes of conflicts of interest on a personal and social level. Different ways of assessing the validity leads to misunderstanding and conflict of interests between social groups. Resentment (Fr. â€Å"ressentiment†) – a concept that has special meaning for the genealogical method of Nietzsche. In Nietzsche’s phylosophy ressentiment is presented as a driving force in the formation and structuring of moral values. He describes it as a vague atmosphere of hostility, followed by the appearance of hatred and anger, that is ressentiment – a psychological self-poisoning, which manifests itself in rancour and revenge, hatred, rage, envy. However, taken separately, all these factors have not yet formed itself ressentiment, for its existance is required the feeling of powerlessness Accoring to Nietzsche everyone has a type of morality that is most consistent with their nature. From this position, Nietzsche displays the history of morality – first of all Masters morality(powerful people), and then the winning morality,the morality of slaves (won not by force, but by the number). If any morality begins: say â€Å"yes† to life, the morality of slaves says â€Å"No† to everything external. This appeal outside, instead of turning to oneself, is precisely, according to Nietzsche, the expression of ressentiment: for its occurrence slave morality always needs confront and external world, that is, to operate it needs external stimulus, â€Å"its actions are fundamentally reactions† Nietzsche notes that the man of aristocratic morality is full of trust and openness with himself, his happiness is in operation. The man, characterized by ressentiment, is incapable of openness, innocence, honesty with himself. The†man of ressentiment† invents for himself an â€Å"evil enemy† and, on this basis, considers himself â€Å"good. The initial focus of hatred is gradually blurred by the uncertainty of the process of objectification. Ressentiment is more shown in the vengeance that is less focused on any particular object. Thus, ressentiment forms the pure idea of vengeance, it best â€Å"grows† where there is dissatisfaction with the persons position in the hierarchy of values. From here there are two forms of ressentiment: revenge directed at the other, that it is the others fault i that ‘I am not him’,and self-directed, self-poisoning revenge. The first form refers to – the slave revolt in morality Slave morality is presented in a person in kind of a second person, who is constantly unhappy with the first, gives him the consciousness of guilt, and dooms him to constant doubts, indecision, sufferings. Morality cuts the man into two parts so that he identifies himself with one part, loves her more than the other. The slave is doomed to constant digging in himself, to calm, appease, to deceive the beast and then trick himself into attaining peace, â€Å"peace of soul†. All of its basic properties and, most importantly, its total, expressed in impotent rage of ressentiment are express in the spirit and served in the living conditions of the slaves. It is a product of the slave revolt in the sole form on which all slaves are capable of. Only the moralising slave will push forward the qualities that can easy his painful existence – compassion, patience, meekness, etc. Only he will come up with the idea of putting into the category of evil everything powerful, dangerous, threatening, strong and rich. Only a slave will equate the terms â€Å"good† and â€Å"bad,† â€Å"stupid†. Only he will praise the freedom and thirst for pleasure, happiness, combined with a sense of freedom. Only a slave would guess to combine morality with the utility. And only he, of course, can and needs to change everything in such a way that when he is thrown away from the society,and is in the lowest point of his existence, he still finds meanness to perceived that as a source of dignity and hope. In Dostoevsky’s †Notes from underground† we can see the main character as the role of the slave. He feels resentment towards the world, towards himself. He dedicates years of his life planning the perfect revenge. His feeling of resentment is so strong that it is leading,controlling his life,his decisions and actions. Technically he has no actions,only reactions to exterior actions. In the scene with the officer, we see how after the officer doesn’t notice him, he does everything possible to be noticed, and not only noticed but also to be on the same level as the officer. The underground man feels inferior, he feels that nobody acknowledges his intelligence,he feels like nobody,like a slave. He starts feeling resentment after he had not been noticed by the officer,and since that moment revenge becomes his main goal. Rather than challenging the officer,the underground man becomes obsessed with the idea of revenge. But he never gets to have revenge, he only imagines it. One day, he finally succeeds in walking straight into the officer, but the officer does not even seem to notice. The underground man still counts it as revenge, but a revenge only in his imagination,in his own world. Everything that happened to him were in his own imagination, he had an imaginary enemy,and an imaginary revenge,nothing in his life was real and everything was led my resentment. For example the officer was never his enemy,he didn’t even know that the underground man existed,because the underground man had such a strong power of resentment,he thought that everybody around him,especially his oppressors were his enemies.

Paper phil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Paper phil - Essay Example Hinduism also means the emergence of Vedas, in which the Upanishads were composed between the 7th and 3rd century and also it became a part of the Vedas. Buddhism was emerged as a part of Shramana movements, around the 5th century. â€Å"Hinduism has the belief of monotheistic (one God) as well as polytheistic (many Gods) elements: the one Supreme Being (Brahman) also exists simultaneously in the deities of the Creator (Brahma), the Reality or Sustainer (Vishnu) and the Destroyer (Shiva)† (Hinduism par.6). According to the Buddhism philosophy, there is no god which does not believe in the concept of god. â€Å"In fact, often those who scorn others, claiming some unconvincing excuse, are unable to look the target of their ridicule directly in the eye, perhaps because they see their ownselves there† (Ikeda & Nanda p.9). The reincarnation and ultimate salvation was taught by Buddhism and rejected Vedas of Hinduism. An important principle of Hinduism is the Law of Karma. It is the law of cause and effect in which each and every action should have a reaction, which will happen in the first life time or the next birth. Buddhism criticizes the religious value of sacrifice and giving importance to particular deities. Also they are denying Upanishads of Hinduism, where Upanishads contain the concept of one’s true self (atman) with the divine ground claimed that Individual’s existence does not have the quality of an imperishable, blissful self or atman. There are two great epics in Hinduism; they are Bhagavad Gita and Mahabharata which was composed in 6th and 7th century. Buddhism has the doctrines which were written in Pali –a canon text. Yoga is one of the important disciplines of Hinduism. Through Yoga, one can get a controlled body and mind. In Buddhism they have the concept for salvation which is depended on oneself and not to others. Traditional worship of God in Hinduism is known as pooja. There will be a pooja room in every Hindu’s house. â€Å"Hinduism is

Research-Based Position as to the Gun Control and Gun Ban Research Paper

-Based Position as to the Gun Control and Gun Ban - Research Paper Example Apparently, the problem lies in agreeing what particular firearms should be included within the assault weapons definition that is being proposed by the federal government for a comprehensive ban. One hereby asserts that the federal government should first assume sole responsibility and jurisdiction for imposing a statewide assault weapons ban, in conjunction with stricter gun control laws to minimize gun-related deaths and injuries. Relevant Statistics and Literature Review In the statistical information presented by Alpers & Wilson (2013), the authors disclosed that there have been alarming increases in gun-related deaths since 2000, as shown in Figure 1. It could be seen that the total number of deaths in 2000 was noted at 28,663 and increased to 32,163 in 2011, representing a 12.21% increase. This number of gun-related deaths clearly happened during times when state-governed gun control legislations were being imposed. Likewise, there are good books that provide accurate informat ion regarding firearm laws in each of the state for the citizens’ awareness (Kappas, 2013). ...1). As such, there was a clear indication that there is a strong link that related higher or stricter gun control laws to the number of firearm-related fatalities. Figure 1: Total Number of Gun-Related Deaths in the United States Source: Alpers & Wilson, 2013 The chart shown below represents the mortality rates related to firearm, the computed strength scores according to the number of legislative laws and gun control enactments, as well as the total number of fire-arm related deaths from a four-year period commencing on 2007 up to 2010. It could be evaluated that the State of Ohio has been noted to have a legislative strength score of quartile 3: from 5 to 8 laws, a mortality rate of from 8.1 to 10.1 per 100,000 population, and a total of 4,431 in firearm-related deaths. The highest number of gun-related deaths were noted coming from the State of Louisiana at 3,318 for the 4-year p eriod and the least legislative strength score of 0 to 2 laws; as well as a mortality rate of 13.1 to 18.0% per 100,000 population (Fleegler, Lee, Monuteaux, Hemenway, & Mannix, 2013). Figure 2: Firearm-related mortality rates, legislative strength scores, and total firearm deaths in the United States, 2007 through 2010.  

A Description of Human Geography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A Description of Human Geography - Assignment Example Some of these include the birth rate, death rate, fertility rate, natural increase rate and zero population growth. All the rates are ratios and their functions are that these aspects are used to check on the population change. The aspects of ratios and rates form the population dynamics, which are treated with critical and spatial information that helps in evaluating the interaction between physical geography and human geography. b) The concept of population cohorts theory is also referred to as population pyramid theory. It is a graphical representation of the five-year age groups called the cohorts. The information in the population pyramid is used in various government sectors, for example, the economic demand notion for teenagers with the sociological concept. This helps the government in responding accurately to various matters such dependency ratios. b) On the other hand, Muslim refers to a person who follows the religion of Islam. Muslim refer to an individual who submits himself or herself to God. They consider Quran as a book containing the word of God and that word revealed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. b) The Islamic religion has five pillars of faith and they are five observable features that distinguish Islam from other religion like Christianity, Judaism and Buddhism religions of the world. The first pillar of faith is that no God worthy of worship but Allah. In this pillar, the profession of faith require Muslims to bear witness to the oneness of God and Muhammad is his messenger. The second pillar is prayer. The inherent pillar relies on assumption that every individual have a direct relationship with God and therefore individuals should pray five times a day. The third pillar is giving charity where social responsibilities are considered part one's service to God. Payment of a specific possession to the welfare of the community is an act of purification and growth.

Organizational Culture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational Culture - Assignment Example To treat its workforce appropriately, the company offers part time and full-time employees to access full benefits in health care, discounted stock purchase strategies/stock option, and other personal benefits. Starbucks offer friendly services, flexibility in working hours by the employees, and a welcoming atmosphere. The organization works with farmers who grow coffee beans to affect their lives positively, since coffee growing regions seem to be extremely poor yet the cost of coffee has slowed down due to oversupply. Baristas at Starbucks are proud of both the training they access and the company they work for. Upper management is evidently diverse as compared to most big companies in the United States. The company’s reputation has been built by all this principles for a more liberal and progressive large corporation. The company believes in employing exceptional people who are enthusiastic to work and produce excellent outcomes. In exchange, they are committed to the development of their good people through identifying, developing, training, promoting, and rewarding those employees who are committed to moving the company forward. Its employees are also included in the decision making process of the company to allow honesty and transparency (Randle and Flamholtz, 2001). As a result, Starbuck’s reputation and organizational culture, its performance has greatly improved. It is an extensively profitable organization, its earnings in 2004 was an excess of $600 million and generated revenue above $5000 million in the respective year. It has been ranked as a global coffee brand based on a reputation for fine services and products with almost 9000 cafes within forty nations. Starbucks was among the fortune top 100 organizations to be employed by in 2005 since it is a respected employer that highly values its workforce. This satisfies it to be a

Political science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Political science - Essay Example Already the liberal wing of his own party is into abandoning the new tax deal and the Republicans are much on their way into scrutinizing every fiber of it. Economists analyzed that savings is indispensable for the government at this point to keep the deficit at its minimum of 3% by 2015 to make it sustainable for the gross domestic product. This is a way to balance off the more productive year to the previous shortage from the previous one. This calculation, developed by Alan Auerbach and William Gale was a substantial attempt to alleviate national debt in a plausible manner (Leonhardt, par.2-4). This actually takes into consideration the prospective effect of the Boomers on the budget of the Federal government by 2030. This emphasizes the importance of the next 20 years in the budget woes of the United States that is in dire need of a solution before things go way out of control to be remedied beyond repair. The proposed tax cut deal provides for further tax cuts favoring the middle class over high end tax cuts as supported by Republicans. Here, it could be seen that it provides for a year’s worth of payroll tax cut for workers as wells as a year and a month’s lengthening of aid for the jobless to help boost the ailing economy. This poses a problem as it is inimical to the $900 billion in deficit that it will bring about (Herszenhorn and Gaystolberg, par.5-7). The deal as perceived in both Houses is deemed to be rough around the edges if not totally unviable. New York Democrat Anthony Weiner even went candidly by saying, â€Å"I don’t think the president should count on Democratic votes to get this deal passed† (par. 9). While the Republicans are also clamoring on their side on the supposed merits of the proposal. Obama stands on firm conviction on the need to protect the interest of middle class Americans that make up majority of the population as legislator s raise concern

Guess who's coming for dinner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Guess who's coming for dinner - Essay Example This was a historic ruling since before this time interracial marriages were outlawed in sixteen States. Notably, the film also brings out the generational divide linking parents of the couple, both from different races. The interracial couple comprises Dr John Prentice, an African American doctor and Joanna Drayton, the daughter of two liberal parents- the father being a newspaper publisher and the mother a small art gallery owner. The couple met in Hawaii while Joanna was on holiday and John was attending a medical convention. Set in the home of the Draytons, the film unravels in this setting, as John is invited for dinner by Joanna, and later his parents show up. Considering themselves liberal, the Draytons are plagued with the predicament of approving their daughter’s marriage to a black man when John informs them he would cancel the engagement if they do not approve it. Parents from both sides acknowledge the stigma that would come upon their children if they choose to ma rry; however, when John’s parents arrive, a Joanna’s and John’s mother come to an understanding and approves the marriage. In this instance, the fathers are still adamant on the impracticality of such a union. The film reaches its climax when Matt Drayton, Joanna’s father, announces his approval since love surpasses all. The film takes a dramatic turn when Matilda Banks, fondly known as Tillie opposes greatly the marriage of Joanna and John. Tillie has been the house-help of the Draytons for over 20 years, having raised Joanna and therefore feels inclined to express her fear over her marriage to a black man despite the fact that she is black too. Throughout the film, fear and prejudice are the two things that ail society, including even the most liberal of people- the Draytons. This is because they are afraid the world will shun their daughter for her choice of marriage partner. Moreover, Tillie is prejudiced towards white people as she feels they say one thing out in the open but act in a different manner when they are in closed quarters. Furthermore, she understands the stereotype of black people’s inferiority by stating that John was getting ahead of himself by not only being a brilliant doctor, but also falling in love with a white woman. However, John defends his father his decision to marry Joanna, amid all the prejudices, he states that his father had to transport mail for such long distances in order to support him, as it is his responsibility as the person that brought him to earth. John declares that if he were to get a son, he would have the same responsibility. This depiction implies that a parent’s role lies fundamentally in upbringing and support; however, it does not afford the parent the right to dictate the child’s decisions. This is why John unwaveringly states he owes his father nothing and his decision will not be faltered. This is hypocritical as he is willing to cancel the engagement if Joa nna’s father disapproves but he will not do the same if his father disapproves. Stanley Kramer, the producer of the film, received accolade for the film as it addressed a vital topic in society relating to the segregation between blacks and whites that had long persisted in America. The film was a revolutionary as it confronted racism from a societal point of view this is because

Movie Funny People Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Movie Funny People Analysis - Essay Example The essay "Movie Funny People Analysis" analyzes the movie â€Å"Funny People† released in 2009, analyzes and evaluates the movie in all possible detail. "Funny People" as the title suggests needed some funny people as the front cast and who could have been a better choice than Adam Sandler for ‘Judd Apatow’. Not only Sandler is Apatow’s former roommate, but also without any doubts, Sandler is amongst the few top class actors in the Hollywood today. Experts say that he has it all: style, charisma, talent, skills, personality, hard work, and some great movies under his names. Whatever contribution, he has done to Hollywood is worth remembering for ages. His roles in movies like â€Å"Billy Madison†, â€Å"Big Daddy†, â€Å"Mr. deeds†, â€Å"50 first dates†, â€Å"I know pronounce you Chuck and Larry†, and now â€Å"Funny People† serve as models for the newcomers in the industry to follow. He is also the head of his production house â€Å"Happy Madison Productions†. Sandler’s co-star in this film is Seth Rogen who is also very much an actor, comedian, writer, stand-up comedian, producer, and entrepreneur like Sandler. This Canadian Jewish, 27-year-old man, has impressed critics with his roles in movies like â€Å"The 40-year-old virgin†, â€Å"Knocked up†, â€Å"Pineapple Express† and of course â€Å"Funny People†. He has not won anything for his acting but he has won best writer award Canadian Comedy Award for â€Å"Superbad† in the year 2008. Judd Apatow’s wife Leslie Mann also plays a supporting role in this movie.

Arizona Immigration Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Arizona Immigration Law - Research Paper Example Section 2.8b. States: â€Å"For any lawful contact made †¦ a reasonable attempt shall be made, when practicable, to determine the immigration status of the person.† (Senate research). This is crucial as it seeks to protect the rights of lawful immigrants in the country. Section 3.f. clarifies this by stating: â€Å"This section does not apply to a person who maintains authorization from the federal government to remain in the United States.† The constitution requires that governments protect their citizens from crimes such as burglary and foreign security threats. By enacting the immigration law, Arizona legislators acted in accordance with the constitution to protect the citizens. The law seeks to curb potential national threats from immigrants in possession of deadly weapons and anything that can be used in executing terror attacks. The country suffers a security threat from illegal immigrants who might commit crimes and undertake terrorist attacks hence any legi slation against them is much welcomed. In the US federal prisons, 25% of the inmates are illegal aliens, and 12% of total felonies and 25% of burglaries can be attributed to illegal aliens. The Arizona immigration law prevents law enforcement officers from color discriminations when contacting people. It provides that for one to be conducted he or she must have committed a crime. This acts, if implemented as intended, to curb racial profiling. It would be in concordant with the Fourth Amendment of the US Constitution, which states: â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects†. Being secure in their persons means that no one will be subject to discrimination by the mere fact that they are white or black, but they will have to violate the law for a contact to be made. The provision for a person to fill a legal suit if there is an adopted or implemented policy that hinders or limits the enforcement of the Federal Immigration Laws means the enforcers will feel compelled at all times to act so as to ensure the aliens are kept at bay. This will act in the benefit of the citizens and the legal aliens to keep away the negative effects associated with these illegal immigrants, some being severe such as rapes, theft, burglary and terror. In addition, this law necessitates the removal of more law breakers from will Arizona. According to the US constitution, each state’s citizens are entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of citizens in the other states. Some of these privileges include employment opportunities. In line to this, the Arizona Immigration Law (SB 1070) requires all employers to properly scrutinize their potential employees before hiring them through the e-verification in order to ensure they are legal in the country. This provision prevents the illegal immigrants from taking away jobs from the citizens and hence, a beneficial one. It further requires employers to keep a record of the employee for a t least three months and further stipulates that incase an employer has hired an illegal emigrant, he or she should be aligned in a court of law. It also gives the state the right to suspend or terminate business licenses whenever the business entities violate this legislation. This strongly defends the US citizens’ privilege to access job opportunities in their states. It can also be argued that the Arizona Immig

Major Factors for a Successful Exhibition Essay Example for Free

Major Factors for a Successful Exhibition Essay Exhibitors expect to meet visitors so they can do business with. Organizers need visitors to visit their exhibitions’ so they can encourage exhibitors to join their exhibitions, therefore making positive financial returns. On the 28-31 October this year, the HKTDC will organize an international furniture fair at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition centre. The most successful companies in this exhibition will be the ones that take advantage of the knowledge the event organizers have to offer, and then successfully communicate that knowledge to the project team that will design all the elements that will be present within the display booth. Other factors for a successful exhibition in the eyes of the exhibitor include but not limited to the following †¢Establish meaningfully goals, and come up with a strong and reliable strategy that will achieve your goals. †¢Put into practice powerful and unforgettable marketing initiatives before, during, and after the exhibition. Choose the best type of exhibit display booth that meets your goals and promotional needs as well as your budgetary requirements. †¢Effectively make use of display accessories, banners, graphics, lighting, booth design, and materials to heighten visibility and drive sales. †¢Hand out Promotional products that complement your company image. †¢Ensure those working the show are well trained to fully represent your company, generate leads, and secure sales. Through the eyes of the organizer the key factors of a successful exhibition is when all the exhibition goals have been achieved or completed. Some of those goals I have listed below †¢Pre-promotional strategy as meet it objectives by providing enough interest in the exhibition †¢All the allocated floor space as been taken up by exhibitors †¢Visitors count by surpassed the expected amount †¢Feedback from exhibitors is good and bookings are taken for the following year †¢Nothing unexpected happens †¢When organizers receive recognition for their exhibition A well organized event will enhance awareness, help to capture new business leads and advance customer relationships

The Structure and Use of 3D Models

The Structure and Use of 3D Models Guide showing the structure and use of 3D Models Topic 1 Structure of 3D models 3D coordinate systems Explain There are two types of coordinate systems that are commonly used in 3D graphics, either left or right handed, in both coordinate systems both the positive X and Y axis are the same with the Z axis being the only main difference. Analyse World The world coordinate system also known as universe or model coordinate system is the base reference for the overall model, all other models relate to. Local The local coordinate system relates specifically to a selected object when the object moves the local axis will move with is making it easier to animate. The local space has a completely separate xyz from the world/global xyz. Z-up Is one of the ground axis and is used to say how far a model is moved left or right depending on the number given. Y-up Is the up/elevation axis and is used to determined where a model is placed when moved either up or down depending on the number that is given. Evaluate the 3D coordinate system is extremely helpful as it gives us a visual reference on where an object/model would be in the 3d world. This allows us to position models exactly where we need them. Views of 3D models Explain There are two ways we can look at 3d models either perspective or orthographic, they are used to see the 3d model in either the view of the user (perspective) or as a flat 2d image (orthographic). Analyse Perspective Perspective is an approximate representation of an image as seen by the users eye, the most characteristic feature of perspective viewing are that objects appear smaller the further away as the distance from the object and observer increases. Orthographic Orthographic view has a fixed depth in which you cannot zoom in or out, and is used when checking if different models at different depths are the same size, this is done by making the models appear 2d. Evaluate both views have their advantages and disadvantages, where the perspective view can help you view the models/objects in a way that is natural to the human eye it doesnt help when youre trying to match the height of distant objects, whereas using the orthographic view allows you to see all objects as a 2D image allowing you to scale objects to the correct size. The Geometric Structure of Models Explain -ÂÂ   3D models are mathematical representations of an object, they can be compared to sculpting as a 3D artist would build or mold the object by taking into account all the sides and angles. The elements that make a 3D model consist of vertices, edges, faces and polygons, all of which can be manipulated individually in whichever software you choose such as blender, Maya or 3D studio Max. Analyse Vertex Vertices are the smallest point of a 3D model, they are made when two or more edges meet therefore corners of the polygons fuse together to make a vertex. The vertex is shared between all edges, faces and polygons and would affect all of these if the vertex is transformed. Edge The edge in a 3D model is a line which connects two vertices and borders faces and polygons, transforming these will affect all vertices faces and polygons which are connected to the edge. Polygon/face Face is a triangular surface connected by three surrounding edges and three corner vertices where as a polygon is an even four surface made up of four or more corners and two or more faces, high quality 3D characters are usually made of four sided polygons as ones with five or more sides can cause issues. Element the elements of a model are as follows tets, bricks, prisms, and pyramids these can be used to mesh any 3D model, with the 2D equivalents being triangular and quadrilateral elements. Surface normal modifying the orientation of surface normals affects the polygons appearance, when the surface normals are at right angles to a face light appears to bounce off the surface, this sharply defines the polygon face creating crisp edges, when set at different angles this allows light to roll off, which creates a smoother look. Evaluate knowing the structure of a model can help in deciding which shapes to start from and also to help manipulate the shape into the desired model/ object that you are looking for. The Structure of Different Polygons Explain There are three different ways of creating a mesh either using triangles quads or n-gons, tris and quads are more preferable than and n-gons are just avoided at all cost as they can cause issues. Analyse Triangles Triangles are a simple three sided polygon,made of three vertices connectingÂÂ   three edges, it is the smallest configuration needed to make a polygonal face. Also referred to as a tri. Quads Quads are the most desired type of polygon and most artist would use only quads as it makes their work more appealing to customers. They are made up of exactly four sides and four vertices, quads can also be referred to as quadrilateral polygons. N-gons N-gons are made up of more than four edges and vertices, n-gons can usually be divided into either quads or triangles or sometimes both which makes them easy to replace. They are usually avoided as they often create unwanted topology. Evaluate Using tris quads is very well sought after as theses are what computers can render them a lot faster especially quads, ngons on the other hand are usually avoided as they tend to cause distortion and deformation, tris can also cause this issue but not as much. Different methods of creating models Explain There are two different ways of creating models either with polygonal modeling or spline/curve based modeling, these are both used to create models with polygonal being the most used as it is more flexible but curve-based will make smoother curves. Analyse Polygonal modeling Polygons are created by using points in a 3d space called vertices, when they are connected together they form a mesh, which is used mainly for 3d models as they can easily be manipulated and rendered by computers quickly. On the downside they are planar and can only estimate a curved edge based on many polygons.ÂÂ   Spline/ curve-based modeling Curves are based off weighted control points, which when increased influences the curve closer to that point. The curve follows but does not always enter the points. Curve types include splines, nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS), patches and geometric primitives. Evaluate The different methods in modeling be it polygonal or curved based both have different advantages and uses depending on what is needed, polygonal modeling is best used for 3D models as they can be rendered quickly by computers but the downside is that they are planar and can only make rough curves. Curve Based on the other hand is best used in a situation where curves and edges must be as smooth as possible such as in engineering, although manipulating it can be a lot harder. Pivot points Explain Pivot points are used to represent the location of a model in space, they are also used to control how models rotate and scale and move. All changes to a model are relative to the pivot point. Analyse -ÂÂ   Move moves the pivot point bringing the object that is connected to the pivot point with it. Scale increases or decreases the size of the object from the point of the pivot origin. Rotation rotates the object/model around the pivot point depending on the postion of the pivot point. Evaluate Having a movable pivot point is advantageous as it allows the object to be moved, rotated and scaled from different points allowing you to manipulate the object in many ways. UV coordinates Explain Are 2D coordinates used on a 3D model and are basically a textures x and y coordinates which always range from 0 to 1. With the V value going from bottom left to top left and the U value going from bottom left to bottom right, each vertex will have a uv coordinate value. Analyse -ÂÂ   UV mapping is usually done by unfolding a model, a pyramid for example, at the seams laying the model image onto a flat page once unwrapped the artist can then paint a texture onto each side triangle individually. Evaluate Allows for more detailed texturing and painting on 3D models by assigning pixels in the image to surface mappings on the polygon, this can then be easily exported to other 3d programs and then further adjusted. Mapping methods Explain -ÂÂ   Mapping methods are ways in which textures are applied to different models and objects, they are mainly used to quickly apply a texture to different shaped models depending on what the model shape is as some work better than others. Analyse Planar planar is used to apply a texture onto a flat model such as basic terrain and walls, when trying to place a texture on an uneven or complex surface it can often stretch and distort polygons that are not facing the projected map directly. http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/130484/uv_mapping_tips_and_tricks.php Box box mapping is done by placing a texture onto a model from six different sides, which is mainly used when you need quick mapping for less important of a model, and also used on technical or architectural objects. It is however not as useful for texturing more natural models where more accurate mapping is required. http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/130484/uv_mapping_tips_and_tricks.php Cylinder Cylindrical mapping is used for mapping more cylindrical models such as arms, cans and trees, it is one of the most used type of mapping but still needs tweaking afterwards in the uv editor. http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/130484/uv_mapping_tips_and_tricks.php Spherical Spherical mapping is mainly used to map out asteroids and planets, one downside is that it causes pixels to compact at the poles of the sphere. It can be used to block out mapping on human heads but loses its usefulness on models with multiple overlapping parts. Requires significant work afterwards. http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/130484/uv_mapping_tips_and_tricks.php Unwrapping unwrapping is done by creating uv coordinates which is generated for each vertex. One way is for the 3d modeler to unfold the mesh at the seams laying the model on a flat page, once unwrapped you can then paint a texture on each individual polygon. Pelt pelt mapping is used to map more natural models like animals and characters, pelt mapping allows you to pull a detailed uvw map flat allowing you to make a more accurate shape of the model which makes it easier to produce a more convincing texture. Evaluate Most mapping methods are extremely useful as they allow you to map a texture onto the different surfaces of a model as there are multiple choices to pick from there is usually one to fit the model you are working on, theses can save a great deal of time by quickly mapping the texture onto oddly shaped models which would be time consuming otherwise. The materials used on 3D models. Explain Adding textures to models is a lot more than just adding colours, you are also able to use different techniques and mpas to add more detail to the model letting you add effects such as shadows textures height etc. Analyse Base Colour, Albedo, Diffuse -ÂÂ   is the most common texture map, it specifies the pattern and colour of the object. It basically paints an image onto the surface. Normal Maps a normal map is a map which defines the direction your geometry normals are facing, with this info you can create a fakeÂÂ   the illusion of height to how the model is affected by light. Height Maps / Displacement Maps displacement maps are used when you need to add more detail to affect your model, this is a very powerful option as it actually affects the geometry.ÂÂ   Ambient Occlusion The occlusion map is used to define the areas of a model which should receive low or high indirect lighting. It is a grayscale image with white marking areas which should get full indirect light, and black for areas receiving no indirect light. An example would be a stone wall texture which is uneven. Specular Maps Specular mapping is used to define how well an area reflects light, the colour and bumpiness may be the same but using either dark or light tones you are able to change how reflective the surface is. An example would be a characters eyes compared to the skin or how a material reacts when wet or dry. Lightmaps are data structures used in light mapping, it works by pre-calculating the brightness of a surface and storing it in texture maps for later use. They are more used on static items so as the light does not need to be recalculated every frame. Evaluate using these can be extremely helpful in creating the models you desire without having to form the whole thing as some can help create the effects of textures, shadows height, and even make them seem more detailed which saves you adding more polygons to a model and increasing the count. http://blog.digitaltutors.com/understanding-difference-texture-maps/ The creation and use of convex collision hulls. Explain A convex collision hull is a simplified low poly count meshes that encases more complex objects, this is used to determine where a collision will occur on the object as well as other physic based interactions. Analyse It is an invisible mesh that stops the player and other models falling through each other, this can be costly on the graphics and processor power as the model triangles have to be calculated twice, once for the 3d model and once for the mesh collider. Each object must have a collision shape. Simpler shapes such as boxes, spheres and capsules are used as they are much faster to test but are less precise. Evaluate the collision hull helps make objects and models seem more to life by not letting you fall through walls and floors but can also affect how some objects are effected depending on how simple or complex the hull is compared to the model it is covering. Level of detail models (LODs) Explain LODs or level of detail are used to help render times by reducing the amount of polygons that show on models which are further away from the character, this is used to help rendering times and helps performance. Analyse LODs limit the amount of polygons on a model to help reduce rendering times whenever the character is at a distance, this helps keep focus on the immediate area and less at background scenery. Evaluate LODs can help increase frame render time by reducing the amount of polygons and detail that is on screen at any one time by determining whats more important or whats being focused on more and only giving that the proper amount of detail. Although this can help render time it may also cause some lag or drop in frames when too much detail is trying to load in at once. Vertex colour information Explain Vertex colour is a RGBA value that is traditionally used to add diffuse or emissive colour to the geometry of the model, this can be added to any vertex on the model. With more powerful games engines this can be used to do amazing things. Analyse Vertex colouring is used to colour foliage animations, baking inexpensive AO and lighting info, it can also be used to blend different materials on terrain or other meshes, but can be used for a lot more things Evaluate Vertex coloring can be used easily as it requires no UVs, although it is geometry dependant and not suited for high detail. Model constraints Explain When creating content such as 3D art for games and other real time applications there is constrictions which need to be applied to help increase performance and reduce render time. These constraints include polygon count, texture size and file size. Analyse Polygon Count The constraint on polygons count is that the more polygons or faces that appear within the render view the longer it takes for the frame to render, this limits polygons count to help with rendering time. This applies to games as well as non real time animations or special effects, this is all linked to the hardware available. Texture size textures need to be done effectively as the bigger and more complex the texture the longer the game will take to load it, this can cause the textures to take time to render and ruin the experience of the player. File Size The two main constraints that file size has is that 3D graphics need to be stored somewhere, either on disc a hard drive or in the cloud waiting for digital download. For this reason file size needs to be efficient to make sure they fit onto the the media that they are designed for, if the 3D art is too large for one disc it must be split onto two or more discs or may require an extremely long time to download especially for those with slow internet speeds. Evaluate Model constraints help with loading and rendering times by limiting the amount polygons and textures the artist is allowed to use, although this seems bad if there was no constraints the game would not load well and have constant drops with the frame rate, the downside to this is that the game will unfortunately not have everything that the developers wanted as some things may need to be cut due to file size restrictions. Topic 2 Uses of 3D models Decorative meshes Explain Decorative meshes are used to decorate a blank 3D world and make it more interesting, theses decorative meshes can range from indoor items such as chairs tables etc, to outdoor objects such as cars, trees and wells for example. Decorative meshes also help to make the 3D world seem a lot more interesting and also help make itÂÂ   more true to life and improve the players experience. Analyse these consist of multiple objects such as cars, trees, bushes etc which is placed around the 3D world so as its not blank and more interesting. Evaluate The advantage of using decorative meshes is that it increases the realism of the world theyre placed, they also improve the players experience as they are not walking around a bland world. Environment meshes Explain Environments are what a 3D world is made from, every environment also needs to be filled with 3D meshes, a balance of quantity and quality must be found as this needs to be as good looking as possible but also needs to be done efficiently. Analyse Environment meshes are used to create the 3D worlds invitroment, be in be buildings or other structures, this needs to be able to be done effectively and quickly as its a main part of the world but not all the focus will be on it. Evaluate Allows for a more immersive world as it adds character to the area and can also set the mood depending on the art style used. Modular meshes Explain Modular meshes for 3D environments are used to create fast environments using small tiling models and maximum flexibility, to make this as effective as possible you should first make sure that the grid for the 3D package is the exact same as the grid that the engine youre going to make the model for. Modular meshes can be reused to save time on developing multiple models. Analyse modular meshes can be made into kits, for example piping for walls, so that the developers and artists can reuse them to speed up the process without putting in as much work for areas that require less attention. Evaluate the advantage of using modular meshes are that you are able to quickly create game environments with maximum flexibility to change when needed, they are also reusable meaning you can keep a certain art style no matter the size. The downside to this is that the reused art style can quickly become repetitive. Meshes used for non-skeletal animation Explain Games can have a number of models which can be used for non skeletal animation these tend to be models which are not rigged (i.e with a skeleton) examples of these can be doors, boxes with lids that open, shop signs and even platforms can be animated to move. Analyse non skeletal animation works by the object or model not having a rigged skeleton allowing it to move or swing freely, for example a door may swing on its hinge, to create this the pivot point of the door must be placed at the point in which you want the door to swing. Evaluate the advantages of non skeletal animation are that it allows the game world to flow more freely using swinging doors, and makes the game seem more life like having signs and lids able to open. Skyboxes and skydomes Explain A skybox is made from a cube with six images that inclose the player, they can also be known as environment maps. The player is placed in the middle of the box so that no matter which way they look they just see different parts of the box. The game engine makes sure that whichever part of the box is visible to the player the proper pixels are shown. Sky domes work in similar ways but is a 3D sphere or hemisphere, and can be animated to improve realism. Both the skybox and skydome usually has a texture of the sky on it depending on the game and whats needed. Analyse skyboxes are simple cubes which consist of fewer polygons than the skydome, no matter where the player is they will always see the relevant part of the skybox. Skydomes are more detailed as they contain more polygons and allow the maker to animate it to improve the realism of the 3D world. Evaluate the advantage of using a skybox is that it uses up less polygons and if easier to texture, although it does not look as good as a skydome. The skydome on the other hand allows you to use vertex colour you adjust the hue in a smoother way, this allows you to animate the sky depending on the time of day. Rigid bodies Explain Rigid bodies allow your models and objects to act under the control of physics, the rigid body can be given forces and torque to make it move in a more realistic way. Any objects you wish to be influenced by physics or other added forces must have a rigidbody.ÂÂ   Analyse rigid bodies can be affected by different physics such as: Mass This determines the weight of the object usually in kilograms by default Drag Drag determines how air resistance affects the object while moving (from 0 air resistance to infinity meaning it stops immediately) Gravity Determines if the object is affected by gravity if dropped for example. Evaluate Rigid bodies are extremely useful when wanting to make a game which either has real to life physics or if you want to make the game with wacky physics as you are able to mess with the properties of each. Fracture/breakable meshes Explain Fracture or breakable meshes are used to make in game objects breakable for example doors, walls and in some cases building can also be destroyed, this can help the game feel more realistic as it adds real world physics to the game, it can also add new things for players to try out and in general make the game more fun. This can be broken down into more points such as chunk count and modify points. Analyse Chunk count determines how many chunks the tool will cut the original mesh into, a large amount of pieces means theres more triangles in the final object and more pieces that will be left behind after. A smaller amount means there are fewer triangles and less pieces after the object is destroyed. The modify points tool can be used to move the selected or all the chunk origins towards the bounds of the object or perturb some or all of the chunks in the slice pattern moving the pieces towards the bounds is useful as it helps avoid chunks being discarded because they dont slice the surface of the mesh. Evaluate -ÂÂ   Breakable meshes are used to help make games more realistic by letting you destroy some of the environment or some objects/models like you could in a real world situation. This however can have drawbacks on render time and frames as it requires more polygons to make the broken pieces. References () 3D Modeling: Creating 3D Objects, Available at: https://www.sculpteo.com/en/glossary/3d-modeling-definition/(Accessed: 6th October 2016). () Collision Meshes Game Models, Available at: http://www.katsbits.com/tutorials/blender/collision-models.php(Accessed: 8th October 2016). () Fractured Static Meshes, Available at: https://udn.epicgames.com/Three/FractureTool.html (Accessed: 4th October 2016). () Rigidbody, Available at: https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/class-Rigidbody.html (Accessed: 11th October 2016). (2014) 3D Constraints, Available at: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cJlmKMQXiCHPX1zRKV3K1biO4EwH13_WOIt_8BJ7K6g/edit#(Accessed: 16th October 2016). (2014) The pivot point, Available at: https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/maya/learn-explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2015/ENU/Maya/files/Transforming-objects-The-pivot-point-htm.html (Accessed: 10th October 2016). (2016) 3-D Coordinate Systems, Available at: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb324490(v=vs.85).aspx (Accessed: 2nd October 2016). (2016) 3D coordinates, Available at: https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/maya/learn-explore/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2016/ENU/Maya/files/GUID-FDC58F4E-63B9-4012-B232-5F2FBAC5EAC9-htm.html?v=2016(Accessed: 4th October 2016). (2016) Level of Detail, Available at: https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/LevelOfDetail.html (Accessed: 14th October 2016). (2016) Perspective (graphical), Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthographic_projection (Accessed: 3rd October 2016). (2016) Perspective (graphical), Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perspective_(graphical) (Accessed: 3rd October 2016). (2016) UNDERSTANDING UV MAPPING, Available at: http://www.steves-digicams.com/knowledge-center/how-tos/video-software/understanding-uv-mapping.html#b (Accessed: 6th October 2016). Banninga, R (2004) UV Mapping Tips And Tricks, Available at: http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/130484/uv_mapping_tips_and_tricks.php(Accessed: 14th October 2016). Bell, G () Creating Backgrounds for 3D Games, Available at: http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/131701/creating_backgrounds_for_3d_games.php?print=1 (Accessed: 10th October 2016). Cahill, P (2016) 3D Modelling Basics Terminology3D, Available at: http://www.onlinedesignteacher.com/2014/07/3d-modelling-basics_33.html (Accessed: 6th October). Cole, T.B (2015) VERTEX COLOUR, Available at: http://www.timbencole.com/vertexcolour (Accessed: 11th October 2016). Dennis (2007) UV coordinate basics, Available at: http://www.rozengain.com/blog/2007/08/26/uv-coordinate-

Resolving Conflicts And Possible Outcomes

Resolving Conflicts And Possible Outcomes There are many ways through which people can resolve conflicts between warring factions. These warring factions can be as few as two individuals, or they might be large people groups like countries. However, the ways of resolving conflicts do not all work in any one given situation? A person or groups of people ought to decide upon which the best way of resolving a given conflict is. A model of dual concern might be assumed where an individual tries to strike a balance between the concern he has for other people and the concern he has for himself. On the one hand he may choose to be assertive and have things done his way. On the other hand, he may choose to be empathetic, and do things according to the way the other person feels things ought to be done. When engaged in a conflicting situation, some people might decide to resolve the conflict by staying aloof of the problem (Bayazit Mannix., 2003). To these people staying aloof is the best way of letting things get resolved. They prefer no active participation in seeing to it that the situation is resolved. They do not care much about what other people feel in the circumstances. They do not think much about their personal feelings either. High conflict situations are not best resolved with this kind of approach, however, because things can easily run out of control. An example of such a situation is when a group of employees go on strike and the management sits back to see what might happen, without taking any active role in what is going on. The strike might escalate into such bad situations as burning of company assets by the disgruntled employees or even roughing up of the employers. A bad situation grows worse in that case, because the employees feel that the aloofness of the management does not address their concerns. The management, however, feels that the assertiveness of the employees ought to have been toned down. If consensus could be reached between the two parties it would be at the point where the management has taken an active role in addressing the employees grievances. The employees, on the other hand, ought not to be greatly aggrieved, seeing that at least their cries are being heard by a management that cares for them. It is rather unfortunate that a number of people who fall into this trap are the so called faithful. They let things be, and say to themselves and to others that things shall be sorted out by divine intervention (Van de Vliert Euwema, 1994). However, things ought to be done differently, because not everyone has the same beliefs or religious leanings. Many people sere different deities and some believe in a deity that asks them to help themselves before deity comes to their aid. Therefore, instead of their faith being a source of respite, it fuels the flames of conflict for some people. Another way of resolving conflict is by adorning a compromising attitude (Goldfien Robbennolt, 2007). Such an attitude says to oneself and to others that it is good to be fair to both sides of the conflict. Such people are ready to listen to the arguments on both sides and to yield a bit to the demands of the other side. They also expect the other side of the conflict to yield to some of their demands, hence being fair. In the case study above, for example, the employees would be expected to yield to some of the demands of management while the management also gives in to some of the demands of its employees. Ideally, not all demands from each side shall be met, but a balance can be struck wherein some of the wants from each side shall be addressed (Kolb Williams, 2010). Like in the previous case, the more assertive of the two groups will be expected to yield a bit, by being conciliatory. This will be expected of the employees who hold the management in ransom by their actions. Bein g fair would not see the employees flare up into a fracas situation of burning and looting. Being fair would also see the management taking an active role in the resolution of the conflict rather than sitting back and watching as situation change from bad to worse. Conflict does not have to be a bad thing or a nasty experience. Where there are two or more people interacting with different interests at heart, disagreements are inevitable. However, such disagreements might be a source for better understanding of each other and even greater cohesion. In the workplace scenario above, conflict might have arisen out of one employees obsession with letting the management know about everything that goes on while they are not being watched. The conflict of interests comes in with the other employees being opposed to close supervision. It is further aggravated by the fact that one of their peers would like to make a good name for oneself by making the rest of them look bad in the presence of their superiors. Solving such a conflict might require one to have high levels of assertiveness as well as empathy. With these traits he can easily cooperate with his contenders to reach an amicable solution to their conflict. Such an individual is not only interested in his own welfare but has a heightened interest in the welfare of the people he contends with, as well (Sternberg Dobson, 1987). He shall cooperate with the other people to find a solution with which they shall all be agreeable. His cooperation might tend to favor the side of the fellow employees, or it might be in favor of the management. However, what would a person caught in the middle of such a conflict do? Through discussion with both parties, people get to be aware of the points of views that their contenders have. In effect, they do not undermine the goals of each other. There are three possible outcomes to any conflict resolution endeavor. Each of these outcomes depends on how the conflict resolution exercise is carried out. In the first place, a conflict resolution exercise might work in favor of both sides concerned. Since both parties win in the end, this is called a win-win situation (Covey, 2004). The first type of conflict resolution that was mentioned in this dialogue would never amount to a win-win situation. Not both parties win in the end. This is because one of the parties stays aloof from the goings on of the resolution process. Since its stand is neither here nor there, it becomes rather difficult to tell whether things are going the way they should for this group of people. Whether they win or lose is not the issue for this group, but rather, they only want tranquility in the end. They want peace but they are not ready to work or to fight for it. Maybe, therefore, one might be right in assuming that when peace prevails in the end, then that is a win situation for the people who do not want to stand up for what they believe in. It may be rightly opined that these people are cowards who do not have enough spine with which to face up to other people, even though they might be transgressed against. A win-win result of conflict resolution is the best result that one can achieve. It results in greater cohesion among group members than before the conflict caused a rift between them. They also get to learn more about each others way of thinking and what things can cause them to be drawn apart. In future, they will not fear conflicting situations, but they would rather strive to keep away from those things that divide them. They will strive for those things that cause them to be drawn closer together as a single unit. The other result of a conflict resolution is where one side wins and the other loses. In such a case, no workable consensus has been reached. One side of the conflict is way too aggressive while the other is too empathetic. The aggressive side is bound to have its way over the empathetic side. Thus, the aggressive side wins while the empathetic side loses. This example of a scenario is called a win-lose (Covey, 2004) situation because one side wins while the other side loses. It would be likened to an employer-employee conflict situation in which the employee has a field day over the employer, with all the employees demands being met. The employers demands, on the other hand are not heeded to. Otherwise, the employer might be too high handed towards the employee. Following such a situation, the employer ends up sacking the employee for reasons such as insubordination. In the latter case, where neither the employer nor the employee wins in the argument between them, it is called a lose-lose situation (Covey, 2004). Neither the demands from the employer to be respected for the role he plays in the life of the employee, nor the demands of the employee are met in the end. Both the employer and the employee are losers in the conflict with which they were involved. In conclusion, this paper has addressed two types of conflict resolution and three possible outcomes of the same. To recap it all, first, there is conflict resolution wherein one side stands aloof from the proceedings while hoping that things will just work themselves out in the end. Secondly, there is the active participation on the one side of the conflict where one takes a very empathetic stand. The said person also does not forget his own needs in the process. Depending on how assertive or how empathetic a certain side of the conflict might be, there can be up to three possible outcomes to the effort of conflict resolution. A conflict can be solved very amicably, resulting in a win-win situation. It might be solved by one side stepping down from its demands, thereby being a win-lose situation. Otherwise, both sides of the conflict end up losing in the confusion.

Graduation Speech :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Parents and relatives, brothers and sisters, faculty and administration, you all have come here tonight to see the 2006 Johnson High School graduating class. Thank you for your attendance. You have been there for us and will be there for us in the future. Thank you. Fellow classmates, we have arrived! The class of 2006 is graduating. We started as little freshmen and have grown into the rulers of Johnson High as seniors. We have endured so much. There were the peaks and valleys, the ups and the downs, but the classes continued and we kept attending. There was pain, agony, heartbreak, new district standards, tragedy, defeat and failure. These have taken their tolls and there were casualties. We started with 550-plus as freshmen and are down to around 200 as seniors. But with all the changes, one stands out the most. No, it is not the Culminating Exhibition. It is the scandalous gas prices. When we were freshmen, the gas prices reached a low 90 cents a gallon!!! But of course, we were freshmen and not driving yet. But now that we are seniors, we have to drive almost everywhere. We drive to work, to school, to hang out with our friends and even to EHS activities. Then we have to drive back! Now that we are driving so much, the gas prices are $1.50 a gallon. I say it is a conspiracy. First the scholarly paper, then the CE project and finally the gas prices. Enough is enough, people. However, I do see a bright future for our class. I know that at least a few of us will come back to Johnson High and teach. But many of us will become successful businessmen and women, making the huge fortunes. We'll most likely have a few congressmen and possibly another great senator. I was not born a Seagull like most of you were. I was at first a Bulldog, then a Scottie. I thought I was going to be a Kamiakin Brave but I came to Johnson High to become a Seagull.

Les Miserables by Victor Hugo Essay -- essays research papers

Les Misà ©rables is an epic tale of hope, empathy, sympathy, redemption and hate set in post-revolutionary France. Written by acclaimed author Victor Hugo, Les Misà ©rables follows the transformation of its two main characters from criminal to honest man and from dedicated reactionary to compassionate fellow man. Written sometime between 1845 and 1862, Hugo provides a detailed look into nineteenth century France’s society and politics. BY combining his story of redemption with the wrongdoings of the French government, Hugo sharply criticized French political policies and hoped his work may encourage change for the future.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hugo describes the setting of Les Misà ©rables with great detail. Part of the motives of Hugo were to set a tone of miserable elements for the lead character Valjean, and for anyone who lived under the poverty line in France in the early nineteenth century. Poverty was rampant during these times and with the radical â€Å"science† of reactionaries, many people were condemned for life due to a mistake they may have made early in their life. The surroundings and details described are very accurate and play a very large role in the storyline. This description of the elements faced by the poor and underprivileged was an obvious stab at the government and greatly emphasizes the story’s plot of redemption.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The characters in Les Misà ©rables, while not historically factual characters, are very easily believed and would fit perfectly into the time period. Jean Valjean, the protagonist, is an ex-convict who leaves behind a life of theft and deceit for a life as an honest man. He takes on a new persona and makes his fortune honestly and ultimately makes his goal in life redemption. Javert is the story’s antagonist and is a reactionary who believes in the law and will stop at nothing to enforce the harsh laws of France. With no pity, he believes that humans are either inherently good or bad. He sees Valjean’s fortunes as an injustice and chases him relentlessly. Cosette is the adoptive daughter of Valjean, who came to father her through a promise to her mother Fantine, whom Valjean knew only a short time, but fell in love with her quickly. Fantine had fallen in love with a wealthy student who abandoned her and had Cosette out of wedlock. She left Cosette i n the car of the Thenadiers and paid for her u... ...imself into the river. Marius is at first disgusted when he finds out about Valjean’s past, though when he discovers it was Valjean who saved his life, they reconcile on Valjean’s deathbed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Les Misà ©rables depicts the unjust class-based society of nineteenth century France. This system often turned good and honest people into beggars and thieves. Hugo obviously believed the social conditions of the time needed to be reformed, particularly in the areas of education, criminal justice and the treatment of women. The character of Fantine conveys all three of these. Undereducated, she works in a factory where she is fired for immorality and only then forced into prostitution so she could provide for her daughter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This novel provides a detailed look into the early nineteenth century condition in France. It is considered an historical novel for this reason. The novel shows how new and radical thought processes, especially that in the justice and political realm such as the reactionary movement, came to be and were outgrown by the good of all people. Thos is a great historical novel based on any definition of historical fiction.

Filmmaking Process

The filmmaking process is an extremely important, long, and complicated process. It usually takes between several months and several years. A film always starts with an original story idea, then a screenplay gets written, and then they shoot it. After that they edit the film and direct it. Then they distribute the film to its intended audience. There are also many people involved in the filmmaking process, from the directors to the cast, to the stage crew. The first step is coming up with the concept of the film, which is the idea. It could be an original story, or a remake. It could be part of a series. It could also come from a book or a play. Then they have to make an outline which describes the dramatic structure in each scene, called a step outline. This tells who will be where, what’s going to be said, and pretty much everything that happens in the film. They also set up all the scenes in the correct order. Then they make a twenty five to thirty five page paper describing the characters of the story and the mood. This is called a treatment. It contains stage direction and a little dialogue. It also has pictures so they have something to look at showing what the movies are going to do. This is the first step of the filmmaking process and really helps when it comes time to develop the screenplay. After this they start the screenplay. Writing the screenplay can take several months. They usually have to rewrite to improve things the dialogue, dramatization, characthers, structure, style, and to make it more clear. They develop screenplays in which the investers and other interested parties assess a process called script coverage. They have a film distributor look at it, and depending on how promising it looks, they guess how much financial help the film needs and how much it will get. Then they figure out the genre of the film, the target audience, success of films that were similar, and the success of the actors, actresses, and directors in previous films. These factors show how much the film will appeal to the target audience. Then they come together and form a film pitch. If the film pitch goes through and is successful, then they have financial backing to make the film. Then they make up contracts for everyone involved. At this time, only the second step, they’ve already developed their marketing strategy, which is how they advertise the film. They also have their target audience. Next is pre-production. During this stage every part of the filmmaking process is designed and planned out. The production is also storyboarded, in which the visual helps the concept artist and the illustrators. Then they have to make up a production budget. This is how much they plan on spending, and it includes insurance in case there is an accident. Then they start hiring their crew. The amount of people varies. If it is an important movie, like a Harry Potter movie, it would have over one hundred people. If it was a smaller film it could include just eight or nine people. The first member of the crew is the director. The director is responsible for all the creative decisions and story telling, as well as the acting. The director yells out action and cut. After the director there is an assistant director, who manages the logistics of the film, including the shooting schedule. There is also a casting director who auditions actors for the characters, deciding who embodies which character best. The photography director supervises the photography during the film. The audiography director makes sure all the sound in the film is correct. The location manager takes care of where the film is located. Although most parts are shot in a studio, there are some things that need to be shot off location. There is also a composer who decides when music should play, how loudly, and what to play. The production designer takes care of the visual conception of the film while the art director manages the building of the set and props. The costume designer creates the clothing for the actors and actresses, and usually ends up having to work closely with them. There is also a hair and makeup designer, who styles each of the actors, making sure they look the same each time. There is also a choreagorapher. As is usual for a choreagorapher they create dances and fight scenes, as well as regular movements. After all of these people are hired they are ready for production. The next part is production. Production is the most grueling part of filmmaking. The cast and crew can frequently spend 12 or more hours on the set, filming only three or four pages of script, often in very uncomfortable ocations. This goes on for days, weeks, months with the same schedule day after day, review dailies (the footage shot yesterday), shoot today’s footage, prepare for tomorrow’s filming. For many people though, this is the most exhilarating part of production and this is indeed where â€Å"the magic happens. † Yet to some people it sometimes seems strange that a movie that will eventually only occupy two hours onscreen could take months to film. However, it does, and here’s just a few of the reason why. The first reason is lighting. One of the single most important elements to a film’s visual appearance is lighting. However perfect lighting does not exist and takes time to create. Lighting must be made consistent (or inconsistent depending) and mood-enhancing, yet remain unobtrusive. It takes a great deal of planning and then man-hours by electricians and their assistants to create a light set-up for even a small set. The next reason is location. Sometimes it is possible to film an entire movie on a sound stage, however, more than likely it requires some traveling. Since science has yet to create a teleportation device and all the magicians who know how to do it won’t reveal their secrets unless televised on broadcast television, it can take huge amounts of time to transport the cast and crew to even one location per day. There are probably close to 100 people involved in a major film, excluding crowd scene extras and so on, as well as literally tons of equipment to go along with them. Another reason is weather. Mother Nature doesn’t really care about Hollywood and can quite frequently hamper production. Usually it is no more than a rain storm that stops production for a day or two, or a heat wave that causes shorter work days. But sometimes weather can be extremely costly. Such was the case of Kevin Costner’s Waterworld that saw entire sets destroyed and sunk by sea storms that not only seriously delayed the production, but also pushed the budget sky-high. Previously I mentioned that lighting is one of the most important elements in a movie. In addition to lighting, and of course the actors, cinemotography is the key element in a film’s visual appearance. Though it takes years of either schooling or job experience to truly learn how to film well, there are a few basic pointers that anyone with a camera and eye towards making something better than a jerky home movie should know (because seriously, those â€Å"How to Film† videos they hand out now when you buy a camcorder are really just a twenty minutes session in which they try to sell you all the accessories). After production there is post-production, which is basically editing. Post-Production involves every step after primary filming, editing and corrections, and reshoots. The process of reshooting is simple enough in concept (though perhaps not in actual process) that we can skip that one which leaves editing and corrections. Editing serves two purposes. First, the logistics of production often make it impossible to film in sequence. And even in the extremely rare case where a story is filmed in order, there are still numerous takes and unnecessary footage between the good shots. Thus, editing serves to eliminate this unwanted footage and to place the events in a coherent order. Second, even simple actions take up a great deal of time on film. For example imagine a sequence of a person getting dressed. In real life this process takes about five minutes. Five minutes in the course of the human life is insignificant, but five minutes in the course of a two hour movie is a horrendous amount of time to spend on meaningless action. If that same person pulled clothes out of a closet and in the next shot walked into the kitchen, the obvious conclusion the audience will make is said person got dressed. Thus editing can serve to eliminate tedious and unnecessary footage so that the audience may focus on the story. Editing can also serve to create. The human eye, when viewing a scene does not remain stationary. Watch two people talking, your eye will jump from person to person to watch speech or gauge reaction. You’ll find it extremely difficult to watch both at the same time and you could end up cross-eyed. Editing also serves to mimic this action of selective viewing. When a conversation between two people is put on film, it is filmed (usually) by switching back and forth between the characters to again, watch speech or gauge reaction. The natural switching back and forth is unobtrusive because in reality, you do it all the time. Thus editing serves to place shots into a coherent storyline, eliminate unnecessary footage, and create better flow. Other examples of techniques in which the editing serves more interesting purposes are parallel editing and montage. Parallel editing is a technique in which two separate scenes are shown to take place at the same time. To do this, the editor cuts the two scenes together switching from one to the other. This is often used in scenes where the character is racing against time, such as the bomb’s clock counting down as the character tries to get out of the building. A montage sequence is another technique in which extremely short shots are edited together in quick succession to create general emotion. Editing is not the entirety of post-production however. Once the picture is edited into its final narrative form, there are hundreds of tiny elements that need to be tweaked. Occasionally, different light schemes will produce different colors between shots, the differences are always slight, however, they need to be corrected to create continuity between shots. This process is called color-correction. Titles and credits, a key part to any movie, are also designed and added. Also at this stage any computer generated effects are added to footage, though in truth this will happen before the scene is edited. While these visual components are polished, the audio portions of the film are tweaked elsewhere. Very rarely are the audio components you hear in the theater the sounds recorded during footage. Audio is recorded onto a separate track, which is kept in time with the footage via a sync machine (this is so your movie doesn’t end up looking like a cheap dubbing job). The microphones used to record the actors voices are extremely precise in their range, they pick up sound only from the air immediately in front of the actor. This keeps the voice quality as high possible. Later on, background is added in when it can be adjusted to suitable levels. So if two characters are walking amidst a midnight orchard replete with singing nightbirds, the dialogue is really the only noise recorded at the time. The other noises, the crickets, nightbirds and the wind, are either recorded at the same location or elsewhere and then added in so that the night wildlife only adds to the mood of the scene, rather than drowning out the speech of the characters. The final steps are distribution and release. They either sell the movie to a company who will release it in cinemas, or to one who will make it go out on DVD. They create movie trailers, posters, and other things to advertise the upcomoing film. The night the film is realeased it is celebrated with a launch party, and then if it is in cinemas, it will get released on DVD a few months later. In the end the distribution and production companies split the profit. As you can see, filmmaking is a very complicated process.

Gender Roles in a Streetcar Named Desire

sexual practice Roles in A streetcar Named proneness Throughout history em ply manpowert and marginalisation has primarily been based on gender. In the play A Streetcar Named propensity, this mentation of endowment is strongly flaunted. Tennessee Williams characters, primarily Stanley, Blanche, Mitch, and Stella, correct the expected roles of men and women at the duration. Although adult manlike War Two temporarily aloneowed women a place in the work force, they were dismissed from such empowerment when the war came to a close. Characters in A Streetcar Named Desire atomic number 18 accurate representations of the social historic context of that time.The power argue surrounded by Stanley and Blanche conveys prevalent ideas about gender such as the naif nature, aggression, and brutality of men and the vulnerability and tangibleity of women. The establishment of handed-down gender stereotypes is almost instantly provided when Stanley is highlighted as the provider. His physical masculinity and power is conveyed through a softw ar program of painful meat he heaves heedlessly at Stella and his abusive nature is shown at once through the use of beginning imagery involving the red stained package.This immediately associates Stanley with brutality, foreshadowing his violence and hardness in the play. Although Stanley is empowered by his gender, he feels threatened when approached by Blanche, who is of higher straighten out than him. Due to Blanches social standing, Stanley is shy of haughty her. As the play progresses the struggle for power amid the two becomes progressively obvious. At first, Blanche appears victorious in the struggle. The physical proof of the tragedies in her past hitch Stanley from arguing. Here in all of them are, all text file I herby endow you with them His failure to handle power threatens his pride and he is inspired to reject Blanche. Segregation between men and women is clearly defined during the poker game iniquity in scene three. Poker shouldnt be played in a house with women. This reflects the social norms and the dominant allele thought that women should be disassociated from masculine activities. Stella and Blanche are excluded from this chassis of masculine boding, and their early return causes topsy-turvydom in the house.In addition to segregation, mastery is seen once again when Stanley is unable to hinder Mitchs desertion of the game. His violent outbursts are desperate attempts to exert his dominance. Stanley gives a out loud whack of his hand on her thigh. it becomes plain that his threatening words are not enough, and he begins using violence as a physical means of controlling Stella and frightening Blanche. Although Stanleys power whole shebang mainly to downgrade Blanche, his violent and warring nature also disempowers Stella. She is jest atd during poker night, a moment of masculine bonding. pursuit the poker night she is do sizable when she hit the sacks to Eunices Flat. However, she returns to disempowerment when she leaves Eunices flat and Stanley bears her into the smutty flat. Stellas decision to bridle with Stanley is not based on choice, except rather on the fact that she must. This enforces the dominant belief that women are unable to concur themselves, emotionally and financially. Similar to Stanley, Blanche also faces a power struggle. Her ultimate downfall is a result of Stanleys cruelty and lack of understanding for human fragility.Comments about Stanleys animal habits and sub-human nature act as the agent of Blanches downfall. Stanley cannot jalopy with her galling him in his own home and is supply up with her lies. During the final scenes his behavior conveys the male dominant ideas of cruelty and brutality. Blanches refusal to deal with Stanleys rough nature causes her to retreat further into her thaumaturgy world where she becomes increasingly vulnerable. Stanley violates Blanche in the most personal way of life and initiates the ultimate act of cruelty and abuse of power.His final act of brutality acts as the climax of power struggle between Stanley and Blanche as well as all males and females. This leaves the male empowered and the female displace and completely destroyed. Blanch Dubois empowerment comes rigorously from her class. Her southern impost and wealthiness made her a woman of importance and propriety. However, in Elysian Fields her traditions and changeer wealth hold significance. Although her wealth was lost with the wipeout of Belle Reve, she desperately attempts to hold on to ashes of her previous life and creates a fantasy world.Her incongruous appearance and southern tradition causes Stanley to reject her, as he cannot relate to her in anyway. The lack of impact on Stanley reflects the context of time, when tradition was being crushed by industrialization. As Blanche begins to understand that her class has no impact on Stanley she assumes the role of a t emptress. I was flirting with your husband Stella In order to gain some form of authority, Blanche uses her sexuality and physicality in social movement to control Stanley.Blanche uses her sexuality frequently to overpower others. She depended on the kindness of strangers regularly in Laurel and her use of physicality land her in trouble on discordant occasions. Following her encounter with the paperboy she states, Ive got to be good and keep my hands reach children. This foreshadows her frequent use of physicality as means of empowerment. Although Blanche is notorious for her use of physicality, she has no authority over Stanley and is constantly reminded of this through emotional and physical abuse.As a representation of all females, Blanche is completely disempowered afterwards Stanley rapes her. She creates a fantasy world to go out the harsh realties of Elysian Fields Her marginalisation and downfall reflects vulnerability and reliance of females on males for stability. T he dominant ideas and beliefs about gender, such as the reliance of women on men and the primitive nature and brutality of the masculine are conveyed by Tennessee Williams in A Streetcar Named Desire through the empowerment and marginalization of Stanley, Blanche, Mitch and Stella.Stanleys role as the alpha male empowers him in almost all situations. Blanches tradition and social status empowered her past but her physicality empowers her present. Williams characters accurately portray the gender stereotypes in the time they were created, and function today to convey the dominant ideas about gender and how they work to empower and disregard people in our parliamentary procedure today.

Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood

Physical training and health in Middle ChildhoodRosibel CastroPhysical Development in Middle Childhood The recondite changes in sisterrens bodies that enable the movements so old(prenominal) to us-riding bikes, climbing, jumping, skipping (p.289). Between the prison terms of 6 and 12, children grow 2 to 3 inches and add nigh 6 pounds each year. Girls age range ar head of boys.Girls excessively have more body fat and less muscular tissue tissue than boys (p.290). Bones mature in much(prenominal) a regular and certain way that physicians use fig out age as the best single stripe of a childs tangible matu symmetryn. The process of bone schooling gives us a goodly argument in favor of change magnitude exercise or physical exertion for children.The endocrine gland dodging strongly influences physical growth and development. During the middle school years, the glands of the endocrine system change gradually in shipway to prep ar the body for the important changes th at will occur during sexual maturation, or puberty. A muscle mass increases in middle childhood, so does strength.Boys and girls differ in strength in two waysBoys outperform girls on measures of strength, including tasks that involve utilize the muscles to apply pressure to a turn of events used to measure muscle force.The ratio of strength to body size is great amongst boys, thus boys require less hunting expedition to move their bodies through space than girls do. two boys and girls become stronger during middle childhood.Childrens capacity for crossways-the-board physical use (stamina) rises steeply across the middle childhood years as well. (Gabbard,2008). If we observe children at the institutegrounds, we will goernment none that preschoolers display short bursts of physical activity followed by periods of rest. Changes in stamina be linked to growth of the heart and lungs, which is unequivocal during later years of middle childhood.These changes enable children b odies to take in more type O and to distribute it throughout the body more efficiently. Two major growth spurts take on in the brain during middle childhood. (Spreen, Risser, Edgell, 1995). In near healthy children, the first takes put down in the midst of the ages 6 and 8, the second between the ages 10 and 12. Both spurts involve development of new synapses as well as increase in the thickness of the cortex. whatever of the first motor skills infants use be eye movements, and slowly this expands to movement of the arms, legs, and pass on (even though theyre uncoordinated). Eventually, the child begins crawling and walking. throw motor skills involve activities like turn over, sitting up, crawling, and walking. These allow the child to gain new perspectives from which to evaluate their surrounding environment, modify them to begin learning social skills and rules. o.k. motor skills involve more entangled tasks like touching, grabbing, and manipulating objects, enabling learning more or less the details of different objects and people. Advances in two gross and fine motor skills move to allow children to develop sports skills such as hitting a baseball. About one-quarter to terzetto of children in the united states suffer from allergies, insubordinate reactions to substances called allergens. Children who have respiratory allergies experience sneezing, snug noses, and more frequent sinus infections. feed allergies can affect the respiratory system as well. The most frequent arouse of school absences is asthma. Asthma is a inveterate lung disease in which individuals experience sudden, potentially fatal attacks of breathing roughy.An acute malady has the pursuit characteristicsOnset is usually acute and from a single causeDevelops quickly and worsens rapidly, such as an infection, trauma or injuryUsually unaffectionate to one bodily argonaCan be diagnosed and responds to treatmentAcute disoblige stops when the illness is healedMay heal by itself or can be treated and returned to normal within a fewer days or up to collar monthsIf it lasts longer than three months, it may be the start of a degenerative illnessThe following are generally descriptive of chronic illnessesOnset is commonly gradualDuration is lengthy and indefiniteCause is usually multiple and can be a combination of genetic and environmental factorsDiagnosis is practically uncertain getting an accurate diagnosis can be a long, difficult processThere is no cure and requires management over time In my opinion, we do most of the learning about our bodies during middle childhood, the power I say this is because, we learn about ourselves, the environment around us, this is the time when we are truly exposed to everything out there.Children are aware that they have allergies, they know they strike their asthma pumps if they start having trouble breathing. During this time children know what kind of sports they want to play and they know what limits to push their bodies too. If a child is obese he will not want to join any sports not only because he might be fat shamed but also because he knows his body is not furbish up to be put into the sports routine.ReferencesThe Growing Child, Denise Boyd, Helen Bee 2009.https//study.com/honorary society/lesson/perceptual-motor-development-definition-components.html https//www.navicenthealth.org/service-center/health-associates-general/acute-and-chronic-illnesses

Donny Is My Leader

Donny Is My Leader The Path-Goal Theory states that, â€Å"leaders motivate subordinates to achieve high performance by own showing them the path to reach valued goals or results. † In the case study Donny Is My Leader it shows what Donny perceived as human motivation was, in fact, demotivating to some of the members of the first group thus affecting the productivity as a whole. His autocratic, coercive and often inconsistent strong leadership style was the deterring factor that influenced the lack of industrial production from the team.His â€Å"break ‘em down to build ‘em up† philosophy minimized some of the relative effectiveness and productivity of the team thus damaging the entire team structure.Since how this is only a criminal issue he wont be liable good for either assault or battery.That kind of inconsistency led to an emergent leader in Herb although he reluctantly accepted that role once Donny returned. Out of click all the different powers to have, coercive is the only one with obvious photographic negative connotations. Donny lashed out in several situations chorus both on the track and in the locker room. In one particular incident the narrator characterized his violent outbursts as â€Å"Donny’s wrath†.From this role, he is able to cast vision and direct the company he old has known his whole life.

Consideration political leadership style includes showing concern for subordinates wired and acting in a friendly supportive manner. Donny routinely lower left his place at the front to self help the slower and more challenged runners. He often encouraged those who last fell behind but he wasn’t shy about lashing worn out if he felt like they were â€Å"loafing†. Leadership has based its weaknesses too.His vest resembles 1980s-eraWham! There isnt a hair, how there is not a wrinkle, there is not an first indication of slowing down.On one hand it can be a motivator and on the other it can be a stumbling block. Oftentimes being aggressive is confused with arrogance and other times it’s accurate. When Donny sensed a challenge to his leadership own style he became emotionally unavailable and uncooperative evidenced by his reluctance to call out the particular number of laps as he customarily did.In my opinion, I think young Donny was more of a manager than a lea der.And that an such thing because of his personality.

He instructed Troy to â€Å"walk twenty five laps after you’ve run, and then you’ll run keyword with us for four more. † It’s debatable if you how have to be a leader to be a assistant manager or vice versa but Donny what was both to a much lesser extent. Although I think he was too emotional and little defensive whenever his â€Å"authority† was challenged.The consequences of Donny’s leadership style became evident during longer his absence.With the Chainsmokers, I liked the lyrics.Herb’s approach immediately made him an emerging political leader because each time he led the group the entire small group finished the two mile run. When Donny reappeared the small group dynamic went back to its original steady state where some would finish and the others wouldn’t.Donny did his than usual chastising but to no avail. Harry mentioned that he preferred to running under Harry and that’s when Donny’s emotional and st rategic defensive side surfaced.Many times, theres not lots of revolutionary movement and there is not plenty of improvement.

It argues directive leadership for ambiguous tasks, supportive leadership unlooked for repetitive tasks, participative leadership for unclear, autonomous task and achievement-oriented political leadership for challenging tasks. † (Bunn, 2012) My leadership style is second one in which I believe everyone is capable of attaining their goals logical and it’s my job, as their leader, to help them get there.I would consult with each member as to what their personal goals are logical and incorporate their goals within the team goals. We would map all out the proper steps and begin the regimen.He can be a same individual that is the head of a organization.Veterans may utilize the cash for technical skill training.I just consumed a whole lot of music that manner.

A first great deal of clubs wish to buy him.My adoptive parents appear to always make the decisions.He doesnt need to continue to maintain his brothers.We initiate the regimen andd map out the brief proper actions.

A whole lot of things.Under no conditions, Chris.Time is a awful lot more meaningful.Its just an incredibly delighted spot.

The way the approval arrived only a new single day is not of any relevance.He stated I hate people such like you.Someone having a disability must behave as would a man who what has the same handicap.Millions of people believe it is superb.